Case Study

Indonesia – TB prevalence in correctional centers with CAD4TB

CAD4TB in Indonesia

Incarcerated individuals represent a high-risk group for TB, with significant detection gaps. This study aims to assess the prevalence of TB among inmates in Indonesia using active TB case-finding as an integral part of the national TB program.

Nationwide prison screening

TB screening was conducted across correctional centers in multiple provinces.

Integrated screening protocol

Screening combined symptom assessment, chest X-ray with CAD4TB, and Xpert testing.

AI- and risk-based triage

Individuals with TB symptoms, CAD4TB scores above 40, or other risk factors were referred for Xpert testing.

Treatment initiation

Inmates diagnosed with TB received anti-TB treatment.

Result

From July to November 2023,

206 ,345 inmates
screened for TB
37 6 prisons
included in the intervention
3 3 provinces
covered nationwide
  • Comprehensive screening enabled identification of bacteriologically and clinically diagnosed TB cases
  • Those exhibiting TB symptoms, a CAD4TB score greater than 40, or other risk factors underwent Xpert testing.
  • Individuals diagnosed with bacteriologically confirmed or clinically diagnosed TB received anti-TB treatment.
CAD4TB in Indonesia
Conclusion
  • TB prevalence in Indonesian prisons surpasses WHO South-East Asia region estimates.
  • Regular comprehensive TB screening with X-rays and Xpert testing upon admission and throughout detention is crucial for early detection and ending TB in this vulnerable population.

REFERENCE: Hilal, M. et al (2024, November 12-15). Prevalence of TB among prisoners in incarcerated populations in Indonesia [Presentation]. The Union World Conference on Lung Health, Bali, Indonesia.