Case Study

Nigeria – TB detection among children with Delft Light & CAD4TB

Children TB screening IHV Nigeria

Children aged 5-14 account for 12% of Nigeria’s TB burden. Under diagnosis and low treatment coverage in children are significant challenges.

Deployed to 8 states for TB ACF

The Delft Light & CAD4TB were used for active TB case finding during community outreaches.

Using ultra-PDX with CAD4TB

At-risk children (5 years and above) were screened using the ultra-portable X-ray with CAD4TB.

Parallel screening algorithm

Presumptive TB was identified using the WHO four-symptom screen and a CAD4TB score above 50.

Bacteriological evaluation

Children with presumptive TB were evaluated using sputum or stool samples.

Result

Between January 2022 and December 2023, 35,636 children were screened. Of these,

2 ,970 (8%)
were presumptive TB cases
2 02 (8%)
diagnosed with TB
1 23 (60%)
bacteriologically confirmed
98 %
started treatment
  • When comparing the diagnosed TB cases between children and adults, the presumptive yield and testing rate were similar.
  • In contrast, the adult population had a much higher TB positivity rate with clinical diagnosis.
Children TB screening IHV Nigeria
Conclusion
  • The PDX with CAD4TB presents a valuable opportunity for diagnosing TB in children.
  • There is a need to validate the performance of CAD systems in children for effective TB detection.

REFERENCE: Eneogu, R. et al (2024, November 12-16). Exploring opportunities for TB diagnostics in children aged 5-14 years in Nigeria using ultra-portable X-ray with computer-aided detection [Presentation]. The Union World Conference on Lung Health, Bali, Indonesia.