Nigeria – ACF targeting most-at-risk and hard-to-reach populations
A parallel screening approach combining the WHO four-symptom screen and chest X-ray with CAD4TB improved TB detection among hard-to-reach and most-at-risk populations in Nigeria. The intervention demonstrated high efficiency in identifying and treating TB cases and showed strong potential for scale-up.
Setting: hard-to-risk areas
Targeted active case finding was implemented to reach most-at-risk and hard-to-reach populations and improve TB detection.
Screening with X-ray and AI
A parallel screening algorithm combined the WHO four-symptom screen with chest X-ray supported by CAD4TB.
Advanced diagnostic evaluation
Presumptive TB cases were evaluated using GeneXpert, Truenat, or TB LAMP for bacteriological confirmation.
Review of Xpert-negative cases
Chest X-rays and symptoms from bacteriologically negative cases were reviewed by radiologists to support diagnosis.
Between December 2021 to March 2022, 17,261 (Male: 12,350, Female: 4,911) were screened for TB,
- Deploying Delft Light with CAD4TB improved access to TB screening among hard-to-reach and most-at-risk populations, including men.
- The intervention proved efficient in identifying missing TB cases through parallel screening and clinical review.
- This approach is recommended for scale-up to additional states in Nigeria to strengthen TB case detection and treatment coverage.
REFERENCE: B. Odume et al. (2022, November 8-11). Delft Light Backpack (DLB) portable digital X-ray for pre-diagnostic TB screening: results from a scale-up intervention in Nigeria. The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2022.